Strategic Planning and Management of India’s Defence and Economic Presence in the Indian Ocean Region

Abstract

India’s strategic management of naval and air power in the Indian Ocean region reflects a dynamic blend of deterrence, power projection, and regional cooperation. As maritime challenges intensify, India’s expanding carrier fleet, advanced submarines, and aerial surveillance assets enhance operational depth. Coupled with multilateral engagements and indigenous defence initiatives, this approach reinforces regional stability. Moreover, with the inclusion of two oceans and increasing strategic presence of Indo-Pacific, India hinges on a multi-dimensional approach integrating security, economic diplomacy and regional partnerships. This study delves into the evolution of India’s strategic planning and management in the Indian Ocean region reflecting a dynamic interplay of historical legacies, geopolitical imperatives, and evolving security and economic priorities. This study delves into the evolution of India’s strategic planning and management in the Indian Ocean region reflecting a dynamic interplay of historical legacies and evolving security and economic priorities. It explores the intersection of military strategy, management approach and economic diplomacy, highlighting India’s air and naval capabilities in securing its strategic interests. Furthermore, despite growing partnerships through Quad, Asean, and IORA, challenges persist, for instance, China’s strategic assertiveness, infrastructure gaps and the logistical constraints. However, leveraging indigenous defence production, multilateral engagements, and emerging technologies presents opportunities for India as well.