Sustainable Supply Chain Practices on Organizational Performance of Selected Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: The rising demand for sustainable business operations has made environmentally responsible supply chain strategies essential in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. In Nigeria, limited empirical studies assess how these practices affect firm performance.

Objectives: This study investigates the influence of sustainable manufacturing, reverse logistics, green packaging, and supplier relationship management on organizational performance, with stakeholder satisfaction as the key measure.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 357 supply chain personnel across seven listed FMCG firms. Data were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to determine the effects of the selected practices.

Results: Sustainable manufacturing (β = 0.192, p < 0.001), reverse logistics (β = 0.164, p < 0.001), supplier relationship management (β = 0.133, p = 0.001), and green packaging (β = 0.117, p = 0.001) all showed significant positive impacts on performance.

Conclusions: Embedding sustainability in supply chain operations enhances stakeholder satisfaction. Firms should invest in cleaner production, structured reverse logistics, collaborative supplier partnerships, and scalable green packaging, supported by consistent policy frameworks