Exploring the Efficiency and Applications of Solar Central Receiver Systems: A Review

Abstract

This review paper comprehensively examines the efficiency and applications of Solar Central Receiver Systems (SCRS), emphasizing technological advancements and their role in sustainable energy solutions. By synthesizing research from 2008 to 2023, the study highlights innovations such as geometric optimizations (e.g., parabolic troughs with reduced focal lengths), porous absorbers (e.g., copper foam), and enhanced heat transfer mechanisms (screw-tape inserts, dimpled tubes). The integration of thermal energy storage (TES) with molten salts and modular receiver designs is explored, demonstrating improved energy capture, operational flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Case studies of operational solar power plants (1–20 MW) illustrate practical challenges, including wind-induced receiver displacement addressed through advanced sensor technologies and simulation tools. The review underscores SCRS's potential to achieve high operational temperatures, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and support hybrid systems for grid stability. Key findings reveal that advancements in reflective materials, tracking systems, and thermal storage are pivotal for scalability and efficiency. The paper concludes that SCRS, coupled with ongoing innovations, offers a viable pathway for large-scale renewable energy generation, aligning with global sustainability goals