Analyzing the Underlying Motivations Behind the Trump Administration’s New Tariff Policy (2025–2030): Purely Economic, or Driven by Deeper Strategic Goals?

Abstract

This study investigates the strategic motivations behind the United States’ unprecedented global tariff policy enacted on April 2, 2025, during President Donald Trump’s second term. Using a case study approach and qualitative content analysis of policy documents, speeches, and media, it draws historical parallels to post–Pearl Harbor mobilization and the 1985 Plaza Accord. The research tests four hypotheses: whether the policy aims to (1) lay groundwork for a new monetary agreement, (2) stimulate economic revival under the 2025 Tax Strategy, (3) restructure trade partnerships by categorizing allies and competitors, or (4) reinforce the US dollar’s centrality in the international financial system. Findings suggest the policy is not solely protectionist but serves as a strategic tool to reshape global trade in favor of US leadership. The study contributes to understanding how economic instruments are used to shift power dynamics, offering a conceptual foundation for future research on global economic restructuring.